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2026 Synthesis, characterization and antibiofilm-producing dental Streptococcus mutans potential of metal silica nanoparticles “South Eastern European Journal of Public Health
Streptococcus mutans is a Gram-positive bacterium considered an obligate human pathogen. It forms part of the oral microbiota, particularly within dental plaque. Dental caries is the most prevalent chronic disease related to oral cavity. The disease is the result of a complex interaction between acid-producing tooth- adherent bacteria and fermentable carbohydrates. Silica- nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) .Silica nanoparticles are regarded as highly valuable due to their nanoscale dimensions, large surface area, low toxicity, low density, and excellent adsorption capacity. In dentistry, they are commonly employed as dental fillers , tooth polishing, and managing dental hypersensitivity. Twenty isolates of S. mutans were taken from a previous study. Additionally, a biofilm production test was carried out from earlier research. The results showed that 9 isolates (45%) demonstrated high biofilm production, 7 isolates (35%) exhibited moderate biofilm production, and 4 isolates (20%) displayed low biofilm production. “In this study molecular identification of S. mutans was done by conventional PCR by gene encoding for the large subunit of 16S rRNA gene by specific primer sequences. The yield of the S. mutans were 20/20 (100%)”. Molecular detection of virulence genes of S. mutans isolates were the 18/20 (90%) isolates were positive for atpD gene, 10/20 (50%) isolates were positive for relA gene, 15/20 (75%) isolates were positive for comD gene, all isolates were positive for sacB(ftf) gene 20/20 (100%).“In this study, silica nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel method.” To characterize of SiO2NPs, the FE- SEM image of SiO2NPs is the structures are aggregated semi-spherical Nano size particles have estimated diameters about 35.22 nm. The EDX analysis revealed silica and oxygen as the primary elements, with contents of about 50.4 wt% and 49.5 wt%, respectively . XRD spectra confirmed the crystalline nature of the SiO₂ nanoparticles, showing a tetragonal crystal phase.